Clinico-radiological results in the alignment of prosthetic components after knee arthroplasties. A single-center observational study.
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Abstract
Introduction: The complex biomechanics of the knee make it challenging to achieve a result close to natural anatomy after arthroplasty. The size and positioning of the implant affect the postoperative outcome, so its malrotation leads to weakness, instability, and loosening. The study's objective was to determine the angles of rotational alignment of the prosthesis, about the clinical-functional results of the prosthesis.
Methods: The present observational study was conducted at the Alcívar Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador, from 2021 to 2022 with patients with knee arthroplasty. The variables were sex, age, axis of rotation, and functional and clinical results. The sample was non-probabilistic. Descriptive statistics were used.
Results: 46 cases were studied, 52.2% women, with an average age of 68.9. 78.3% presented varus deformity, with an average shortening of 14.78 mm. A significant correction of the deviation was evidenced with angles a, b, c, d, within normal parameters at 94.3%, 90.7%, 91.4%, and 88.6%, respectively. Additionally, an average internal rotation of the femoral component of 3.42 and tibial component of 25.84 degrees was obtained, with effectiveness in surgical technique of 47.8 and 23.9%, respectively.
Conclusions: 2D CT is a very reliable tool to identify the degree of effective functional rotation of the limb. No complications related to mechanical loosening were reported.
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