Analysis of the evolution of surgical treatment versus transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis. A single-center observational study.

Abstract

Introduction: Aortic valve replacement surgery (CRV) has been shown to significantly reduce mortality in patients with severe Aortic Valve Stenosis (AVAS). Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a new alternative. The study hypothesis is that patients undergoing TAVI have fewer complications and shorter hospital stays than CRV.

Methods: The present observational study was carried out at the Alcívar Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador, retrospectively reviewing the period 2017 to 2020 of patients with EVAS. The variables were sex, age, NYHA functional class, comorbidities, complications, mortality, and days of hospitalization. The sample was non-probabilistic. Inferential statistics were used.

Results: 12 cases with TAVI and 30 with CRV were analyzed. There were no demographic and clinical differences before treatment. Complications were higher in the CRV group 3 (25 %) versus 21 (70 %) in TAVI (P<0.001). Mortality was the same between both groups. Hospital stay was longer in the CRV group, 10.7 days, versus 6.33 in the TAVI group (P<0.01).

Conclusions: the patients who underwent TAVI had shorter hospital stays, fewer non-fatal complications, and the same mortality as those who underwent CRV.