Risk factors for autism spectrum disorders A single-center observational study.

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Monica Leonor Jaramillo Castro
Alejandro Alberto Rodríguez Mero
Andrés Mauricio Ayón Genkuong

Abstract

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by social and language difficulties and stereotyped behavioral patterns. The high etiological complexity of these diseases is due to their multifactorial nature.


Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, and analytical study was conducted using a mixed data collection technique. The sample included 126 patients diagnosed with ASD treated at Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital between 2019 and 2022.


Results: A total of 77.0% (n= 97) of the participants were male, and 23.0% (n= 29) were female. The mean age of the sample was 9.26 years (SD: 4.08), while the mean age at diagnosis was 2.38 years (SD: 1.91). The associations between Asperger syndrome and male sex were determined by the Pearson chi-square test (P = 0.007), likelihood ratio (P = 0.002), and Fisher’s exact test (P = 0.038).


Conclusions: Male sex predominated in the sample. The mean age at diagnosis complied with the recommendations of the Clinical Practice Guide for ASD. The high percentage of concomitant disabilities suggests the need for multidisciplinary interventions. Finally, a significant association was identified between Asperger syndrome and male sex.

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How to Cite
Risk factors for autism spectrum disorders: A single-center observational study. (2024). Actas Médicas (Ecuador), 34(2), 137-144. https://doi.org/10.61284/214
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Original Research
Author Biographies

Monica Leonor Jaramillo Castro, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Medical Doctor from the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil. (Guayaquil, 2024).

Alejandro Alberto Rodríguez Mero, Department of Medicine, Catholic of Santiago de Guayaquil. (Guayaquil, 2024).

Medical doctor from the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil. (Guayaquil, 2024).

Andrés Mauricio Ayón Genkuong, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Medical doctor from the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil (Guayaquil, 2007). Specialist in Perinatology from the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil (Guayaquil, 2004). Specialist in Gynecology and Obstetrics from the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil (Guayaquil, 2007). Tutor in the Medicine Course, Faculty of Medical Sciences at the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil.

How to Cite

Risk factors for autism spectrum disorders: A single-center observational study. (2024). Actas Médicas (Ecuador), 34(2), 137-144. https://doi.org/10.61284/214

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