MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND RESISTANCE BACTERIAL IN THE CARE UNIT INTENSIVE CLINIC ALCÍVAR YEAR 2017-2019

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The evolution of bacterial resistance constitutes a threat to global public health. Epidemiological surveillance systems have integrated molecular biology techniques to improve control strategies since it is related to increases in morbidity, mortality, hospital stay and associated costs;
common scenario in the intensive care unit.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: A retrospective observational study was carried out. The study population was all patients admitted between January 1, 2017
and on July 31, 2019 to the intensive care unit of the Hospital Clínica Alcívar in the city of Guayaquil, with a positive result for isolates of microorganisms in blood cultures with their respective antibiogram.
RESULTS: 224 patients with a mean age of 54 were included; 111 were men and 115 women. The highest positivity was for blood and urine cultures. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were: e. coli (with resistances of 95, 75 and 70% for ampicillin, cefazolin and piperazilin/tazobactam respectively), k. pneumoniae (46% resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam, piperazilin/tazobactam and cefazolin), s. aureus and P. aeuriginosa.
CONCLUSIONS: An increase in the tendency of microorganisms towards multiresistance and a wide distribution of carbapenemases was observed. The articulation of molecular biology with surveillance systems made it possible to integrate the analysis of the phenotype with the resistance mechanisms involved in the bacteria studied. This analysis will allow the development of guidelines for the proper use of antimicrobials and will contribute to the containment of these multi-resistant bacteria at the Hospital Clínica Alcívar.