Postpartum depression and psychoactive substance abuse.

Abstract

Introduction: Postpartum depression is characterized by depressive symptoms, such as sadness and anxiety, that may arise or worsen after childbirth. Several factors, such as a family history of depression, lack of social support, and relationship problems, can increase the risk of developing it. Substance abuse, a growing concern, has also been linked to an increased risk of postpartum depression. The objective of the study was to determine postpartum depression and its relationship with psychoactive substance abuse.

Methods: The present observational study was carried out from July to August 2024 in women hospitalized in the gynecology-obstetrics area of ​​the IESS Ceibos hospital using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) tests, DUDIT test, AUDIT test, and the Violence Sheet.

Results: 120 patients participated, divided into two age ranges: 18 to 30 years and 30 years or more. EDE test, risk or probable depression 44.66% in the 18 to 30-year-old range; 19.17% of the population aged 30 years or older AUDIT test, alcohol consumption or dependence 35.83% women under 30 years old and 20.83% in the population over 30 years old.

DUDIT test, substance dependence 35.83% of the sample is under 30 years of age, and 23.34% of the sample is located in the population over 30 years of age.

The remaining percentages did not present any addiction or depression problems.
It is observed that individuals between 18 and 30 years old are more susceptible to depressive pathology and substance abuse.

Conclusion:  This study underscores the need to integrate substance abuse screening into routine screening. Continuous training of health personnel and inter-institutional collaboration are essential to improve the support network and optimize available resources, contributing to a better approach to perinatal mental health in Ecuador.